〜のに (concessive)

Although / even though — contrary expectation

Formation

Verb (plain) + のに / い-adjective + のに / な-adjective + な + のに / Noun + な + のに

Usage

Expresses that the result contradicts what would be expected from the first clause. Implies disappointment or surprise. Can end a sentence with のに.

Example sentences

勉強したのに、試験に落ちました。

Even though I studied, I failed the exam.

安いのに、美味しいです。

Even though it's cheap, it's delicious.

彼は日本人なのに、漢字が読めない。

Even though he's Japanese, he can't read kanji.

今日は日曜日なのに、仕事に行かなければならない。

Even though today is Sunday, I have to go to work.

時間があったのに、来なかった。

Even though I had time, I didn't come.

Related grammar